Profile of Terpenoid and Flavonoid Compounds by LC-MS/MS and Antioxidant Properties of Tapinanthus ophiodes (Sprague) Danser Flower Extracts
Arrounan Noba *
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO. UFR/SEA 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03. Burkina Faso.
Rémy K. Bationo *
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO. UFR/SEA 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03. Burkina Faso and Laboratoire des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE), CNRST-IRSAT, BP 7047 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Ousséni Sawadogo
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO. UFR/SEA 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03. Burkina Faso.
Abdoulaye Yougoubo
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO. UFR/SEA 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03. Burkina Faso and Laboratoire des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE), CNRST-IRSAT, BP 7047 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Tinkoudougou Cathérine Sawadogo/Ilboudo
Laboratoire des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE), CNRST-IRSAT, BP 7047 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Eloi Palé
Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Environnementale et Bio-Organique (LCAEBiO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO. UFR/SEA 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03. Burkina Faso.
Roger H. Ch. Nébié
Laboratoire des Technologies des Produits Naturels et de l’Environnement (LABTECH-PRONE), CNRST-IRSAT, BP 7047 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The floral phytochemistry of Tapinanthus ophiodes (Sprague) Danser remains poorly documented despite interest in the genus Tapinanthus as a source of plant-derived compounds. This study examined the phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant properties of its flowers. Flowers collected in the Central West region of Burkina Faso in May 2023 were freeze-dried and extracted by maceration with acidified methanol. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins were measured spectrophotometrically. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was used to assess molecular features and propose compound identities. Free radical-scavenging activity and antioxidant compound content were evaluated using DPPH- and ABTS-based assays. Phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents were 314.76 ± 1.17 mg GAE/g, 741.25 ± 0.72 mg QE/g and 2.51 ± 0.04 mg CE/g of extract, respectively. LC–MS/MS revealed 17 chromatographic peaks, associated with tentative assignments of 13 flavonoids and three steroidal or terpenoid compounds; one peak remained unassigned. The DPPH IC₅₀ was 34.83 ± 1.8 µg/mL, compared with 21.34 ± 0.14 µg/mL for Trolox. Antioxidant compound contents were 64.76 ± 0.12 mg TE/g using DPPH and 48.76 ± 0.08 mg TE/g using ABTS. These findings document a diverse profile of tentative constituents and measurable in vitro radical-scavenging activity in T. ophiodes flower extract.
Keywords: Tapinanthus ophiodes, Loranthaceae, floral extracts, phytochemical profiling, LC-MS/MS, flavonoids, anthocyanins, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, DPPH assay, ABTS assay